Five Elements In The Rhetorical Situation

1. What are the five components in the expository circumstance? Use TRACE to help you remember.Text Reader Author Constraints Exigence2. By what means can a peruser utilize the expository circumstance to investigate a contention article? How ca a watcher utilize the explanatory circumstance to dissect a picture? In what capacity can an author utilize the explanatory circumstance during the arranging period of composing a paper?They can investigate all items above by utilizing the TRACE analysis3. For what reason is the crowd significant in contention? What kinds of positions may a crowd of people at first hold?The crowd is significant on the grounds that without the crowd you have no contention. You won't have the option to demonstrate your point with no crowd. The crowd may at first be a neighborly crowd, uncertain crowd, unbiased crowd, antagonistic crowd, new crowd, or connected audience.4. What is a talk network? What exactly talk networks do you have a place? How does a talk net work help build up shared conviction for its members?A talk network is a gathering of individuals who share a lot of talks, comprehended as essential qualities and suspicions, and methods of imparting about those objectives. I accept that we as a whole, have a place with a few talk networks it would simply rely upon the circumstance and what your convictions are. It builds up shared conviction by having assets and friends keen on similar convictions and ideas.5. What is the widespread crowd? What are the exceptional characteristics of this crowd? For what reason is it a helpful idea?A widespread crowd is unified with particular individual contrasts yet in addition significant regular characteristics. This widespread crowd is instructed, sensible, typical, grown-up, and ready to tune in.

Comparing Metafictional Traits with Elements of Realism Essay -- compa

Metafictional Traits  â Metafictional Traits found in Flaubert's Parrot and in John Fowles' The French Lieutenant's Woman, before contrasting these and the components of authenticity in Isaac Singer's The Family Moskat. For a few, Life is rich and velvety ... while Art is a colorless business sugary treat ... For other people, Art is the more genuine thing, full, clamoring and sincerely fulfilling, while Life is more awful than the most unfortunate novel: without account, inhabited by bores and rebels, short on mind ... also, prompting an agonizingly unsurprising denouement.1 Accordingly Barnes thinks about Life and Art in Flaubert's Parrot; yet these words could simply allude to the alternate points of view of pragmatist and metafictional essayists. Remembering these points of view, this exposition will look at the metafictional attributes found in Flaubert's Parrot and in John Fowles' The French Lieutenant's Woman, before contrasting these and the components of authenticity in Isaac Singer's The Family Moskat. By considering the points of interest and impediments of these novelistic ways of thinking, it will at that point be exhibited that the peruser's own perspectives on Life and Art may decide the worth one relegates to these elective styles. When Braithwaite muses, On the off chance that I were a despot of fiction,2 the way toward making fiction itself turns into the topic of the story. Barnes himself is obviously a despot as in he has authority over the substance of his own novel, yet in this case, Braithwaite is alluding to all fiction. This reference to the creation of fiction is a typical nature of metafiction, and it repeats as often as possible in Flaubert's Parrot. The topic is gotten later when Braithwaite says, Numerous pundits might want to be tyrants of literature,... ...out, for instance, p. 87. 19 Ibid., all through, for instance, p. 108. 20 Ibid., p. 97. 21 Ibid., p. 261. 22 Ibid., pp. 262-4. 23 Ibid., p. 59. 24 Ibid., p. 98. 25 Barnes, p. 47. 26 Ibid., p. 169. 27 Ibid., pp. 50-2. 28 Ibid., pp. 160-70. 29 Ibid., p. 87. 30 Ibid., p. 108. 31 Fowles, p. 390. 32 Barnes, p. 88. 33 Ibid., p. 68. 34 Ibid., p. 88. 35 Singer, Isaac Bashevis, The Family Moskat, interpreted by Gross, A. H., Penguin, London, 1980, p. 582. 36 Ibid., p. 193. 37 Ibid., p. 606. 38 Ibid., p. 179. 39 Ibid., p. 636. 40 Ibid., pp. 132, 490, 543. 41 See Barnes, p. 46. 42 See Fowles, p. 268. 43 Ibid., p. 98. 44 Barnes, pp. 49-65. 45 For instance, Singer, pp. 239-242 (Letter from Adele to her mom), 444-52 (Hadassah's journal passages). 46 Barnes, p. 88.  Â

MindMeister Goes Live at TEDxAmsterdam

MindMeister Goes Live at TEDxAmsterdam Since it’s creation in 1984, the TED events have been all about “Ideas Worth Spreading”. Realizing that they couldn’t be everywhere all the time, the TED group established the TEDx program, which allows private individuals to organize, design, and host events that are meant to provide attendees with a TED-like experience. Tomorrow, another TEDx event will be taking place in the Dutch capital city of Amsterdam. Similar to other TED events that take place around the world, the TEDxAmsterdam event has a full schedule in place with speakers ranging from the Minister of European Affairs to the President of Programming and Development at MTV. In all, 450 option and business leaders from all walks of life will be attending the event hosted at the Royal Tropical Institute. Since many a good idea have come out of previous TED events around the world, the TEDxAmsterdam organizers are going above and beyond to ensure that even those that could not attend the event in person will be able to share the experience. Live Mind Mapping at TEDxAmsterdam Courtesy of MindMeister Even though we’ll not be physically at the event, MindMeister has been selected to take part in the TED experience. Throughout the day, selected speakers will have their talks mind mapped in real time using our software service. The live mind mapping team includes Alexis van Dam from hypershifters.com, Ronald Vijfhuizen of WorldofMinds.com and Jerre Lubberts from aHaCoaching.nl. Our Dutch partners will be constructing mind maps of these talks live, and theyll not only be projected around the event for all participants to view, but also live streamed at http://www.mindmeister.com/TEDxAmsterdam2009 for the entire world to tune in. Should you not be able to tune into any of the live mind mapping events, we’ll be archiving the content on the above URL for future reference and viewing. Many thanks to the live mind mapping team in Amsterdam, and a sincere ‘enjoy!’ to all speakers and attendees at tomorrows event!

Rasmussen Surname Meaning and Family History

Rasmussen is a patronymic surname meaning son of Rasmus, a Scandinavian form of the personal name Erasmus. Erasmus derives from the Greek ÃŽ µÃ ÃŽ ±ÃÆ'ÃŽ ¼ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€šÃ‚  (erasmios) which means beloved.   Spellings of Rasmussen that end in -sen are most likely Danish or Norwegian in origin, while those that end in -son could be Swedish, Dutch, North German, or Norwegian. Rasmussen is the 9th most popular surname in Denmark  and the 41st most common last name in Norway. Surname Origin:  Danish, Norwegian, North German, Dutch Alternate Surname Spellings: RASMUSEN, RASMUSON, RASMUSSON, RASMUS   Famous People with the Surname RASMUSSEN: Saint Erasmus (Saint Elmo) - 4th-century martyr and patron saint of sailors.Theodore Rasmussen - Canadian neurosurgeon and scientist who gave his name to the rare disease, Rasmussens encephalitis.  Knud Rasmussen - Greenlandic anthropologist and polar explorer; the first European to cross the Northwest Passage via dog sledScott Rasmussen - co-founder of the sports television network ESPNLars and Jens Rasmussen - brothers and creators of Google Maps Where is the RASMUSSEN Surname Most Common? Considering its Scandinavian origins, its not surprising that Rasmussen is most prevalent today in Denmark, where it ranks as the 8th most common surname in the country. Surname distribution data from Forebears also identifies the surnames popularity in Norway, where it ranks 41st, as well as the Faroe Islands (12th) and Greenland (10th). WorldNames PublicProfiler also indicates that Rasmussen is by far most commonly used by people living in Denmark. Norway comes in a distant second. Within Denmark, the surname is found most frequently in Fyn and Stà ¸rstrom, followed by Aarhus, Vestsjà ¦lland, Vejle, Roskilde, Frederiksborg, Kà ¸benhavn, Bornholm and Staden Kà ¸benhavn. Genealogy Resources for the Surname RASMUSSEN Rasmussen Family Crest - Its Not What You Think: Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Rasmussen family crest or coat of arms for the Rasmussen surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.Rasmussen DNA Project: Rasmussen is a Scandinavian patronymic surname, meaning that your DNA matches will not necessarily (or likely) even be people named Rasmussen. This project will help you determine which Scandinavian and/or haplogroup projects are best to join for research into your Rasmussen heritage.RASMUSSEN Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is focused on descendants of Rasmussen  ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Rasmussen ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries.  FamilySearch - RASMUSSEN  Genealogy: Explore over 1.5  million  results from di gitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Rasmussen surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.RASMUSSEN Surname Mailing List: Free mailing list for researchers of the Rasmussen surname and its variations includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages.GeneaNet - Rasmussen Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Rasmussen surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries.The Rasmussen Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Rasmussen surname from the website of Genealogy Today.Ancestry.com: Rasmussen Surname: Explore over 1.4  million digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for t he Rasmussen surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com.

The Necklace And The Kiss By Guy De Maupassant - 1604 Words

In both the â€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"The Kiss† both written by Guy De Maupassant are classic short stories that embody all literary elements. Like most short stories Maupassant takes the reader on many twists and turns, making the reader assume what is to happen next only to surprise you with what actually happens. In â€Å"The Necklace† social class, lust, and an unfortunate mistake lead a married couple to endure years of hardship. In â€Å"The Kiss† an experienced aunt writes a letter to her heartbroken niece using wisdom and personal accounts to help educate her niece regarding the power of the kiss. The author uses similar techniques and literary elements to teach the readers a lesson, help the story unfold, and give unexpected endings. Like most†¦show more content†¦The imagery in both stories plays a big role in how the stories are played out in the readers mind. In â€Å"The Necklace† the necklace itself is described â€Å"in a black satin case, a superb diamond necklace; her heart began to beat covetously. Her hands trembled as she lifted it. She fastened it round her neck, upon her high dress† (par 41). In the beginning Mathilde is immediately introduced as â€Å"one of those pretty and charming girls† (par 1), but by the end of the story after the ten years of hard work she is described as â€Å"Madame Loisel looked old now. She had become like all the other strong, hard, coarse women of poor households. Her hair was badly done, her skirts were awry, her hands were red.† (par 87). The imagery in this story help the reader visualize the effects of losing the necklace had on Mathilde. Imagery is used similarly in â€Å"The Kiss† the letter written to the young girl is informative with some visual aid. The author of the letter uses dramatic explanation and vivid descriptions to give emphasis to the letter. A kiss and love are brought to life when described â€Å"The slightest shock breaks it, and our power crumbles, and we are never able to raise it again† (par 5). Readers can imagine the emotions they would feel if they were ever to use a kiss wrong. â€Å"no violent delirium of complete possession is worth this trembling approach of the lips, this first moist and fresh contact, and then the long, lingering, motionlessShow MoreRelatedThe Necklace And The Bet Short Story867 Words   |  4 Pages Have you ever read an intense short story? Well both â€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"The Bet† are the most intense short stories ever. Both authors from both passages explain the dialogue by discovering new aspects of the passages. In â€Å"The Necklace† written by Guy de Maupassant (1884), is about how a character called Mathilde that loses one of her friends necklace, that was a fake, and spends the next 10 years paying it off. On the other hand â€Å"The Bet† written by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1889) is about aRead MoreRoles of Female Characters in The Necklace and Life in the Country867 Words   |  4 Pagessociety in ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in the Country’ There are three things that make up the society; the time, place and people. In each society each of these points differs from other societies. The stories ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in the Country’ by Guy de Maupassant were set in a time in which poverty was very common in most places even though each society had a different view as to what poverty is. This essay is examining the roles of the female characters in ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in theRead MoreThe Lady With The Dog And Possibly The Jewelry Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesstories written within sixteen years of each other; could they really be that different? Could they even be so similar? These short stories were written in two different cultural environments. â€Å"The Jewelry† was written in 1883 by a man named Guy De Maupassant, who based the story in Paris, France. It tells of a man, his wife, and the wife’s two flaws that actually make the man wealthier. â€Å"T he Lady with the Dog† was written by Anton Chekhov, who wrote the story in his hometown Moscow, Russia. This

The Ethical Research of Animal Testing Free Essays

Argumentative Topics The Ethical Research of Animal Testing Name Animal testing has been a hot topic of discussion in society for many years. The debate is whether or not animal testing should be allowed. Some people believe that animal testing is wrong and that it causes undue harm to animals. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ethical Research of Animal Testing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout the last 150 years, the practice of using animals for research has been under intense scrutiny between animal activists and researchers. Scientists insist that the experimental research they do is essential for producing effective drugs, and the animal rights activists believe that testing animals for advancements in medicine is not necessary. I believe that research using animals should continue as long as there is a reason for it to continue. Thanks to animal based research, to date millions of human lives have been saved. Animal testing is the only way to find out if vaccinations work for different diseases. We cannot just ask people off the streets to volunteer, as that would be morally and ethically wrong. At this time, scientific researchers have no alternatives for testing new drugs, as scientific computer modules can only do so much for testing. Also, the government has strong laws in place to ensure the health and welfare of test animals. As long as there is disease and sickness in the world, scientists will always be looking for the next cure and treatment options, so we will always need to have animal research. As long as the animals are treated humanely, I believe that it would be inhumane to the human race to stop animal research. Thanks to animal research, the advancements in disease control have been beneficial and should be able to continue in the future. Although animal research has saved thousands of human lives, it has remained a major controversy for several years even though scientific researchers have tried to ensure the well being of animals. Animal rights activists still deem it inhumane, even though there are strict laws forbidding the inhumane treatment toward animals. Inhumane or not, thanks to the research of animals, scientists have been able to cure many diseases throughout the world, saving millions of human lives. Thanks to the advances of medical technology due to animal research, the research of animals should be able to continue. Stopping animal research would be inhumane to the human race. At this time, scientists have not come up with an alternative to testing drugs on animals. They do have computer simulators, but this technology can only do so much. It is not an advanced enough system to determine if the new medical breakthroughs will work. In the 1960’s, it was discovered that animal research had taken a dark turn, and that scientists were mistreating animals and causing unnecessary harm. Congress later passed a bill called The Laboratory Animal Welfare Act of 1966, which states that it is essential that the welfare of animals being test is the main priority. It is required that animals being tested are to be treated with respect and given the best treatment possible, however; realizing that they are not human. At this time, there are roughly 50 million animals in case studies in the United States, and there are protesting lobbyists that are trying to eliminate animal case studies all together. The problem today is the difference between the medical treatment of humans and the wellbeing of animals. Nowadays, people worry about the welfare of animals until they need the benefits of the medicine that is developed because of animal research. Most people only worry about animals being tested when it is convenient for them. People like to think of themselves as better than that, and animal testing being an unkind and unfavorable act of cruelty. When medical science is needed, it is then that the benefits are welcomed and testing of animals is forgotten. Most people realize that they would rather see an animal be tested on than a child or loved one. Being as it is, if an epidemic did come to be, humans are more likely to side with humans than animals, always putting their own interests above anyone else’s. Thanks to animal research, there has been much medical advancement, such as the discoveries of treatment for polio, emboli, and insulin for diabetes. In the 1950’s, polio ravaged the American public, with its debilitating illness, but thanks to animal research a cure was found. American scientists did extensive research on animals, giving the animals that were tested the polio virus and then curing it. No harm came to the animals involved. Thanks to this research, today there is not a case of polio in the United States. Furthermore, thanks to the scientific study of animals, a treatment for diabetes was discovered by finding a way to get insulin into the cells of humans. These discoveries would not have happened if animal research did not exist, and millions of people would have died as a consequence of it. Researchers continue to find cures for illnesses, and further the advancement of medical technology because of animal testing. People and animals share a similar anatomy so it is easy to see why we share similar diseases, and why treatment should be tested on animals first. By testing animals first, scientists can determine if the new drug is safe for human ingestion. If animal testing were to be banned, how would we be able to find out if new medical technology works? Would we just test on willing participates and see what happens? This would never be accepted by the public or government. No one ever said eating a piece of chicken was wrong even though everyone knows the living conditions chickens endure. They live their whole lives in a little cage in a factory or on a farm until they are all dried up. Then they are killed and served up at McDonalds or Burger King, but there’s no conservancy there. The reason people eat meat is because of the many benefits of meat, with all the nutrients and vitamins to grow healthy and strong. We have used animals in this nature since the beginning of time to eat, keep warm, to build, and to wear. Through all these things we use animals and it is ok. We can go into the forest and shoot and kill animals for sport, but it is wrong to use them for medical purposes. In conclusion, we should show animals the respect they deserve. They have been one of the main sources of human survival since the beginning of time. We need to ensure they are treated with admiration and value. No person should ever treat an animal with disrespect or cruelty, for they are one of the reasons people are on this earth today. Animals are not things for people just to play with and disregard when they are done with them. They are creatures that deserve to be cared for, but not at the expense of the human race. Animals should have the right to thrive, grow, and live a painless life. This should be our tribute to animals for all they do for people. This does not mean that they should have the rights that people have. Regarding animal testing, it is clear that there are two sides of the story, but what side is the right side? This is a personal decision that needs to be seriously considered. The human benefits of animal research discoveries have saved the lives of millions of people, and these treatments would have never been possible without the testing of animals. References Holley, K. (Aug 2009). Animal research practices and doctoral student identity development in a scientific community. In Education Research Complete. Retrieved 26 Sept, 2012, from. http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail. United States Department of Agriculture. Last Retrieved (Sept 21, 2012). United States Department of Agiculture, National Agriculture Library. In undefined, Retrieved Sept 26, 2012, from http: //awic. nal. usda. gov/research-animals. Burnett, C. (March 2009). Should animals continue to be used in research Education Research Complete? In Humane Education Representative, Animals Australia Inc. Retrieved Sept 26, 2012, from. http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/details. How to cite The Ethical Research of Animal Testing, Essays

Chicken Consumption in the United States free essay sample

The Department of Agriculture is currently looking at the nation’s consumption of chicken. Data have been gathered dating back to 1970, in hopes of finding variables that are closely correlated with chicken consumption so that the consumption can be predicted. In the spreadsheet you will find 36 observations†¦one for each year since 1970. The variables are: Year = Year Y = per capita consumption of chicken (lbs. ) X1 = Real disposable income per capita ($) X2 = Real retail price of chicken per lb (cents) X3 = Real retail price of pork per lb. (cents) X4 = Real retail price of beef per lb. (cents) X5 = Composite real price of chicken substitutes per lb. , which is a weighted average of the real retail prices per lb of pork and beef, the weights being the relative consumption of beef and pork in total beef and pork consumption. I. Create a model using the 5-step methodology I used in class. Examine and discuss the coefficients you obtained in your model, and the overall significance of your model. We will write a custom essay sample on Chicken Consumption in the United States or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Begin with a summary of your findings and then step through your process. The regression model is insignificant. Ha: The regression model is significant. The output below shows significance of regression model using five independent variables. Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 5 7791. 5 1558. 3 870. 14 0. 000 Residual Error 30 53. 7 1. 8 Total 35 7845. 2 Analysis of variance indicates that, the given regression model is significant F (5, 30) = 870. 14, p lt; . 05. iii. Significance of independent variables. Hypothesis to be tested: H01: The coefficient of real disposable income per capita is insignificant. Ha1: The coefficient of real disposable income per capita is significant. H02: The coefficient of real retail price of chicken per lb is insignificant. Ha2: The coefficient of real retail price of chicken per lb is significant. H03: The coefficient of real retail price of pork per lb is insignificant. Ha3: The coefficient of real retail price of pork per lb is significant. H04: The coefficient of real retail price of beef is insignificant. Ha4: The coefficient of real retail price of beef is significant. H05: The coefficient of composite real price of chicken substitutes per lb is insignificant. Ha5: The coefficient of composite real price of chicken substitutes per lb is significant. The output below shows significance of each of the five independent variables: Predictor Coef SE Coef T P VIF Constant 39. 463 1. 987 19. 86 0. 000 Real Disposable Income per Capi 0. 0020441 0. 0001520 13. 44 0. 000 30. 4 Real Retail Price of Chicken -0. 12907 0. 06014 -2. 15 0. 040 29. 0 Real Retail Price of Pork 0. 4456 0. 1675 2. 66 0. 012 1920. 4 Real Retail Price of Beef 0. 635 0. 2022 2. 79 0. 009 5006. 3 Comp real price of Chicken Subs -1. 0093 0. 3584 -2. 82 0. 009 11822. 0 It indicates that, since p value (. 000) is less than level of significance (0. 05), we reject the hypothesis H01. Hence we conclude that, the coefficient of real disposable income per capita is significant. Since p value (. 040) is less than level of significance (0. 05), we reject the hypothesis H02. Hence we conclude that, the coefficient of real retail price of chicken per lb is significant. Since p value (. 012) is less than level of significance (0. 5), we reject the hypothesis H03. Hence we conclude that, the coefficient of real retail price of pork per lb is significant. Since p value (. 009) is less than level of significance (0. 05), we reject the hypothesis H04. Hence we conclude that, the coefficient of real retail price of beef per lb is significant. Since p value (. 009) is less than level of significance (0. 05), we reject the hypothesis H05. Hence we conclude that, the coefficient of composite real price of chicken substitutes per lb is significant.

Using the best tools for academic papers writing

Using the best tools for academic papers writing First of all, lets define what an academic paper is. The academic paper examines one or more interrelated problems of a particular subject. We can say that the academic paper is a full-fledged mini-research on a certain topic. The academic paper should contain authors work, conclusions, recommendations. Your works have to include information that you processed and which wasn’t the previously published. I recommend you to pay attention to the following tools that can improve your paper and make your working process easier. Management project and taking notes Research papers are not just the texts to be written they are more like projects that have to be managed. When you are planning to write your paper, you will need some space to put in your notes, knowledge sources, lab results. Scriveneris the tool which provides these options. This tool is often used by students, translators, journalists, lawyers, academics, fiction-writers, and even best-selling novelists. It will help you to organize your writing process and keep you from quitting. Online-based reference management Those who work with an online flow will be happy with such great tool as Paperpile. It is reference manager which is online based, gives you an opportunity to sign-in securely with Google, find the library or search online everything you need. Your personal library is always well-organized and clean. You can use it to save PDF, references or supplementary data online. Get the Automated formatting You know that the processors that we use, for example, MS Word leave a job formatting to the users themselves. There is a real waste of time for researchers who spend hours on trying to format their content so it can be appropriate for the publication. However, each journal sets its own style of formatting. The tool Typeset solves this problem, you have to indicate your journal, then paste your text with adding your references and citing them, the final move is just clicking on Autoformat and three, two, one†¦..and yes your work is done. Finding a collaboration Nowadays, it is really very hard for a researcher to collaborate with their colleagues and to track down all the comments, changes, and edits. But, with Typeset it became possible. This tool addresses the collaboration problem among the researchers. Feel free to use it, and communicate with people who can help you with your academic writing as they have a well-rounded experience to share it with you. I hope this information is useful for you, and from this moment you will spend fewer hours on the technical issue and more on developing a decent writing. I wish you all the best in your research projects.

Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Example

Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Example Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Essay Topic: Hamilton Landscapes of a place provide for hurting or healing an individual living in the place. A place of residence provides identity and security to the person. It is the â€Å"setting of daily life† (Gesler 1992, 1993; Porteous. 1990). With improvement in economic conditions industrial places were labeled as ‘places of decline’. â€Å"Access to unadulterated nature and to green space has become central to conceptions of individual health and community well being† (Gesler, 1993; de Vries et el 2003; Takano et al; 2002). Certain places may become stigmatized and the people living in these places are assumed to lack awareness. â€Å"Individuals rarely identify their own neighborhood as polluted in relation to others. †(Bush et al 2001 and Bickerstaff and Walker 2001). The main objective of the case study made by Sarah Wakefield and Colin McMullan on Hamilton, an industrial city in Canada is to establish that renegotiation of local place image is central to the maintenance of wellbeing of its residents. The Central theme of this study is based on, how healing processes play a part in less than pristine places, unhealthy places. The case study includes in depth interviews with local residents, local officials and reports with details of descriptions of the areas and the feedback responses from the respondents between July 1996 and March 1999. Three separate research programs conducted in two suburban communities . It had a sample population of respondents with maximum difference in age, gender, distance from site of pollution, neighbor hood types, respiratory health, with or without children and members of local and environmental group. The third group also consisted of prominent Municipal members, representatives of the local government, health and social service organizations. Data collected from different groups, tape-recorded interviews transcribed and analyzed developed a set of key themes of relevance . They told similar stories. Steel industry formed the backbone of Hamilton and the people here earned more . The city appeared a smoke piled, ugly industrial wasteland known as the ‘Birmingham of Canada’, (Peace, 1989, p. 76) with the image of an ‘ugly blue collar town’ (Elliot. 1999). Northeast Hamilton had a bigger proportion of low income households, low in education, more unemployed, less ethnically diverse and high home owners. The physical environment of Hamilton was hazardous, with local harbor being the dumping ground for sewage and industrial waste. The Socio-demographic figures on Ontario’s health survey, endorse the above facts. Air pollution remains, with dust smoke odor, making an extensive effect on daily life. Social and environmental ills of north-east Hamilton make it a poorer health place than the rest of the city. Over the last four years, extensive cleanup efforts have been taken. Effort made on image makeover began with citizens reorienting themselves by associating with ‘good’ places that are recognized as healthy urban areas and alienating themselves from more polluted ‘bad’ areas like ‘North-end’. The residents tried to reduce the social stigma of staying here, by taking pride in having home ownerships and strong social connections. Image reconstruction occurred at two scales, one at the regional level attempting to redefine the place as a naturally inviting place, and the other at the local level emphasizing health making features, drawing marginal boundaries, promoting the healthy aspect of social ties, reliability and mutual help. The positive features of image constructions say, that, even if a place is understood to be disadvantageous, its residents may still vouch for the health affirming features related to their daily lives. The author of the study Sarah Wakefield and Colin McMullan have drawn up a fairly detailed and factual study of therapeutic landscaping in Hamilton, an industrial city in Canada. The author wants to point out that a place or dwelling may be marked as ‘good ‘or ’bad’ depending on the healthy features associated with the place. Yet its residents may not agree with the ‘bad’ element of the place in totality. The facts and figures given by the authors corroborate the findings, making the study a true experience. The details of experience of the residents only add to the conformity of the study. Thus the arguments raised by the authors are well supported with facts, figures, and feedback from the residents. The introduction to the study appears too elaborate and abstract, making it difficult to hold the span of attention of the reader. Comprehending the real purpose of study is vague and makes room for boredom to creep in. The style of writing is not much clear. Facts stated are not crisp and to the point. Too many facts have been brought under the consideration for a reader, adding to the ambiguity of the exploration. Actual information has been, more or less, lost between the quotes and citations made by the authors. Absence of clear demarcation of topics in paragraphs has made the whole reading lackluster. The interest wanes in the beginning and it is only after the feedback details of the interview are placed, that reading of the study gathers momentum. I think the paper should be given an ‘average’ grade. There is plenty of room for improvement in making the reading interesting. Language structure needs to be kept simple. The complex sentences used makes comprehension difficult. The completeness of the study definitely speaks for the success of the exploration, but it is complete with its limitations. Work Cited Bickerstaff. K. Walker. G. 2001. Public Understanding of air pollution: the ‘localization’ of environmental risk. Global Environmental Change (2) 133-145. Bush. J. Moffatl. S. Dunn. C, 2001. Even the birds round here coughs: Stigma, air pollution and health in Teesside Health and Place 7 (1) 47-56. Elliot. H. 1999. Restoring Balance is the Goal, Hamilton Spectator, 15 Dec, ppA12. DeVries, S. Verheej. R. A, Groeneweger. P. PSpreeuwenbergP. 2003, Natural environments healthy environments, an exploratory analysis of the relationship between geenspace and health Environment Planning, A35 (1717-1731). Gesler. W. M. 1998, Bath as a healing place. In Kearns R. A. Puting Health into Place. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, New York pp 17-35. Gesler . W. M. 1991, the Cultural Geography of Healthcare, University of Pittsburg Press, Pittsburgh, PA. Gesler. W. M. 1992, Therapeutic Landscape: Media issues in light of the new cultural geography. Social Science and Medicine 34, 735-746. Peace. W. 1989 Landscape of Victorian Hamilton: the use of visual materials in recreating interpreting the past. Urban History Review xviii 75-85.

Bankruptcy of WorldCom Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bankruptcy of WorldCom - Case Study Example It was at this point the company began drifting. Political behavior is something which is self-serving in nature and is not at all accepted by any organization. Political behavior has a numerous negative consequences which may result in conflicts and disharmony within the organization. Such disharmony and conflicts can be noticed when people in an organization pit against one another or even against the organization. We can observe this kind politics been played by the employees of WorldCom. There was an instance when the Controller of the company David Myers made a false accounting entry of $370 millions as accruals. David Myers first asked the Director of International Fixed costs Mr. Timothy Schneberger to release the above mentioned amount as accruals. But as her refused to do that and also denied to provide the account number to Myers to make the entry, another senior manager in General accounting named Betty Vinson helped Myers in the task. The account number was obtained by Vinson from a lower level analyst in Schneberger's group and after this the entry was made by one of the subordinate of the analyst. This practice of releasing accruals as and when required continued and employees in the General accounting department also started doing the same thing. All this happened without the employees consulting their superiors or the department heads'. One more relevant incident happened when the General accounting department released an amount of $281 millions against line costs from the tax department's accruals and the tax department was not aware of this act until the year 2001. The release of undue and false figures of accruals was easily done by making the employees act one against other. The work that was to be actually done by the respective employees was carried out by employees in a different department who were actually loyal to the top management rather than company. When David Schneeman, the acting CFO of UUNET refused to book 9 line accruals as instructed by David Myers for his business unit, s taff in the department of general accounting made the entry. Finally, it so happened that an amount of $3.3 billions were released in a span of only one year. The corporate environment of WorldCom was not so healthy. The finance department of the company was located at Jackson, Mississippi. The department had none of the senior lawyers located in Jackson. The lawyers were kept away from the inner circle of the company or it's CEO. They were consulted only when the CEO Ebbers felt some necessity. Never was an advice given by the lawyers was like by Mr. Ebbers. He used to convey them personally, his displeasure about the advice, if any, given by them. The culture of WorldCom was created in such a way that the legal function was less influential and was not welcomed by a healthy corporate environment or culture. There was a sever attitude problem among the employees of WorldCom. The attitude of the employees sent a clear message that none of the employees should question their superiors and need to simply do what was instructed to them. Even the senior managers of different departments were not excluded from this. In fact, they used to face personal criticism and threats. A relevant example for this happened in the year 1999. One of the senior managers in the General accounting department was warned by Buddy Yates, director of General Accounting for showing the actual accounting figures in the accounts of the

YOUR POLICY PRIORITY ISSUE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

YOUR POLICY PRIORITY ISSUE - Essay Example Owing to these statistics and its declaration as a national epidemic, it is important to recognize it as a public health policy priority issue. Its relevance is reflected in current sources of literary and empirical evidence (such as the data presented by the CDC). The policy priority issue has had a strong relationship with nursing practice, as will be proved in the following sections. The issue of childhood obesity is part of the health concerns of many. As a nursing practitioner, one would find this issue relevant to the current nursing pedagogy and policy prioritizing and making (Dehghan, Akhtar-Danesh, & Merchant, 2012), owing to a wide range of reasons. As a person, I find it important to address the issue, not only because it has had direct impacts on my life, but also because it escalates by the day. It will become a bigger burden to millions of families and individuals in the near future if not much is done to reverse the prevailing trend. Speaking of the trend, I come to the second reason. A problem that continues to escalate by the measures described above, which involves more than doubles and quadruples, should be prevented the formulation of effective policies. In addition, it should not only be treated as a national epidemic but should also be addressed by emergency measures, owing to the dire health needs of the populations affected. One would seek to understand the source of this problem and the reason it has escalated to the current extent. One of the key reasons behind the current trends in obesity prevalence in the United States is eating behavior, especially among children and adolescents. Families, at present, have less time to spend together because parents have to go to work or school while students have to go to school. As a result, children and adolescents resort to fast foods, which have been associated with high levels of sugar and fat. There is also less time to engage in

Rise In Russian Military Power Politics Essay

Rise In Russian Military Power Politics Essay Military power was central to the USSRs position as global power. The Soviet Unions military strength was its prime achievement and it had learned that military power generates international respect and deference. The Soviet Union was a superpower largely because of its ability to generate enormous military power [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] Russias power is no longer the centre of international concerns, the threat of its military might no longer grips us obsessively, and the global order is no longer defined by alignment with or against Moscow.  [2]   2. Nevertheless, Russias military policy and power remain a major consideration in Eurasia and its nuclear component retains global significance. The disintegration of USSR in 1991, also led to decline of Russias military power along with a crippled economy and political leadership. The successive governments were more concerned in resolving Russias domestic problems rather than on retaining a global position. Thus over a period of time major down fall was seen in overall military capability of Russia. It was in 2000 when Vladimir Putin became president; a fundamental shift was seen in Russian politics, economy and in its military capability. Putin always regarded the collapse of the Soviet Union as the greatest geopolitical disaster in 21st century. Once he came to power, he was able to inject a new belief that it was Russias right to be a great power and the military power being the ultimate symbol of that status. 3. Over a period of time, Russia has changed its military doctrines, policies and also downsized its military forces. The military power was used effectively to handle the Georgia conflict in 2008. After this war, Russia made major plans to reform and modernize its armed forces by 2020. In April 2009, U.S. Director of National Intelligence Denis Blair said in unclassified written answers to the Senate Intelligence Committee that the ongoing reshaping of Russias ground forces will enable it to militarily dominate most of its neighbours. RUSSIAN DEFENCE POLICY Structure of Decision Making 4. President of the Russian Federation is Supreme Commander in Chief (CIC) of the Russian Armed Forces. He is the executive authority for the formulation of defence policies and military doctrine. Minister of Defence comes next in hierarchy and is appointed directly by the President. Minister is responsible for readiness, overall deployment of the military and also the formalisation of the State Armament Plan. For the first time in recent Russian history In March 2001 then President Putin appointed a civilian defence minister with a mind set that that military reform can only be achieved with civilian oversight. Subsequently Putin also introduced a new State Law on Defence with an aim to give more powers to Ministry of Defence.  [3]   5. In 2000, under National Security and Foreign Policy Concept the threat assessment for Russia in the 21 century was carried out and based on this, Military Doctrine was formulated. The main threats to Russias national interests were identified as economic disintegration of Russia, ethnic separatism, increase in crime rate, reduction in powers of OSCE and the UN, weakening of Russias influence in political, economic and military matters, the rise of various military-political blocs and unions, eastward enlargement of NATO and militarisation of areas in close vicinity of Russias borders. 6. Based upon these threat assessments, the foreign policy priorities of Russia were to strengthen Russias sovereignty and territorial integrity; to regain its lost status of great power; ensure regional stability in adjacent areas and to counter the perceived dominance of the United States. As per military policy the main aim was as the deterrence of aggression of any scale against it [Russia] and its allies, including with the use of nuclear weapons. A RE-ASSERTIVE RUSSIA 7. Over a period of time Russia has become more confident and assertive in its foreign and military policies. This could be observed during Russian military response to Georgian conflict in South Ossetia in August 2008; Russias stand over NATO expansion and US missile defence proposals in eastern Europe. Thus Russia has been using military as a diplomatic tool in the war of words between east and west. Russia is aware that their opinions have been ignored over Iraq, Iran, Kosovo and NATO expansion at the world stage. But in spite of these, at certain aspects Russia has shown its firmness and has stool tall even to take mighty US head on. Some of these aspects have been covered in the following paragraphs. 8. Missile Defence. When US came up with the plan of deploying its ballistic missile defence in Poland and the Czech Republic, it was vehemently opposed by Russia. The Russian government continued to believe BMD plans as a threat to national security. The radars station in the Czech Republic would have seen practically entire western front of Russia. Russian Armed Forces Deputy Chief of Staff, General Anatoly Nogovitsyn, even suggested that this missile agreement could force Russia to carry out nuclear strike against Poland if need arise.  [4]  Even President Medvedev in his address to nation on 5 November 2008 announced that the Russia might go ahead with the deployment of the Iskander short-range surface-to-surface missile system in Kaliningrad to neutralise the BMD system and would also electronically jam the components of US BMD. The deployment of Russian naval assets in the Baltic Sea was also considered for the same purpose. However US have been confirming that these missil es have limited capabilities and would have no impact on the Russian strategic offensive forces. 9. The assertive stance of Russia has forced USA administration to reviewing its missile defence plan, thus Russian Government has also suspended the deployment plans of its Iskander missiles in Kaliningrad. This move of Russia and response from US highlights that the fact that Russias powers are on rise and it can still avert the US decision when its own integrity or safety is concerned. 10. Strategic Bomber Patrols. The rise of Russian armed forces was most symbolically demonstrated when military forces paraded in Moscows Red Square. In the summer of 2007, strategic bombers of Russia carried out patrols in international airspace over Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic Oceans for the first time, since the end of the Cold War. In March 2009 Russian military aircraft reportedly did fly past just 500 feet over two US navy warships while these were participating in a joint military exercise with South Korea in international waters in the Sea of Japan.  [5]  This used to be a common occurrence during the Cold War era. These bomber patrols were conducted to demonstrate military might and also to test the air defence reaction times of NATO countries periodically. Such patrols were stopped in 1992 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Similar incidents were also observed over UK and Norwegian air spaces in 2007 and 2008. Russian government officially acknowledged in August 2 007 that these missions were intended for pilot training, in particular air-to-air refueling. Japan has also reported an increase in the number of exercises and patrols by warships of the Russian Fleet, along with strategic bomber patrols. The timing of these incidents has been regarded as a sign of renewed Russian confidence on the international stage. 11. The Arctic. Russia has also increased its military activity in the Arctic region in the same period and this has been linked to Russias increasingly vocal claims to large territory in the region and also to vast areas of untapped natural resources. In 2004 Russia announced the creation of a new Arctic Directorate for this region and in aug 2007, about 20 Russian strategic bombers carried out five days of exercises over the North Pole.  [6]  Time and again these facts have been acknowledged by the Russian Defence Ministry. In September 2008 President Medvedev Janes Defence Weekly: A greater stake in the Arctic is intimately related to Russias increasingly assertive regional behaviour. Moscows recent incursion into Georgia was a bellwether of sorts for the concept of a Greater Russia and the outward expansion of the countrys territorial borders [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]  [7]   Expanding Russias Military Footprint 12. Russia has expanded its military co-operation with Latin and South American countries, in particular Venezuela. Since 2003 Russia has reportedly supplied $4-5bn worth of arms including combat helicopters, Su-30 fighter aircraft and the Tor-M1 air defence missile system to the Venezuelan government. In 2008 Russia had temporarily deployed two TU-160 Blackjack strategic bombers in Venezuela. 13. In December 2008 Russian naval flagship, the missile cruiser Peter the Great and the anti-submarine destroyer Admiral Chabanenk, visited Cuba and then Venezuela to take part in a joint naval exercise in the Caribbean Sea. This was the first deployment conducted in the region by the Russian navy since the break up of the Soviet Union and was seen as the emerging trend in the increased activity by the Russians. In July 2008 Russia also hinted that if US plan to station its BMD systems in Eastern Europe, than Russian aircraft and submarine fleet may also once again be stationed in Cuba. An article in Janes Intelligence Review commented that the Russian-Venezuelan naval exercises served as a neat counterpoint to Washingtons decision to base its missile defence system in Poland and the Czech Republic, in Russias near abroad.  [8]   Russias Military Capabilities 14. Russian military is currently the fifth largest in the world considering total active personnel, exceeded only by China (2.18m), the United States (1.54m), India (1.28m), and North Korea (1.1m). However, if Russias reserve contingent (approximately 20 million Personnel) is taken into account, Russias military becomes the largest. Over all Russias military power is third behind US and china.  [9]  In spite of such a large military which is being able to address all potential threats across the combat spectrum, the Russian Military Doctrine still have reliance on nuclear weapons. Some experts believe that Russian nuclear capability is one which makes Russia as a military superpower. The military capabilities of Russia can be seen as follows. (a) Conventional Capabilities. As per the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty, there are limits on the numbers of combat aircraft, tanks, attack helicopters, combat vehicles and artillery pieces that one country could held within Europe by NATO and the states of the former Warsaw Treaty Organisation (Warsaw Pact). However these limitations apply to Russian military equipments which are deployed to the West of the Ural Mountains. The treaty did not impose limitations on the overall conventional capabilities of any nation. The Russian military strength as on 2008 is as indicated.  [10]   PERSONNEL Total Population:  140,702,096  [2008] Population Available:  73,239,761  [2008] Fit for Military Service:  50,249,854  [2008] Reaching Military Age Annually:  1,602,673 Active Military Personnel:  1,245,000  [2008] Active Military Reserve:  2,400,000  [2008] Active Paramilitary Units:  359,100  [2008] ARMY Total Land-Based Weapons:  79,985 Tanks:  22,800  [2005] Armored Personnel Carriers:  9,900   Towed Artillery:  13,585  [2005] Self-Propelled Guns:  6,010  [2005] Multiple Rocket Launch Systems:  4,350   Mortars:  6,100  [2005] NAVY Total Navy Ships:  526 Merchant Marine Strength:  1,074  [2008] Major Ports and Harbors:  8 Aircraft Carriers:  1  [2005] Destroyers:  15  [2005] Submarines:  61  [2005] Faes:  19  [2005] Patrol Coastal Craft:  72  [2005] Mine Warfare Craft:  41  [2005] Amphibious Craft:  22  [2005] AIR FORCE Total Aircraft:  3,888  [2005] Helicopters:  2,625  [2003] Serviceable Airports:  1,260  [2007] (b) Nuclear Capabilities. Since 1949, when Soviet Union tested its first atomic weapon it is recognised as a nuclear state. USA and USSR (Russia) went through number of treaties such as INF treaty (Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces), START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) and SORT (Strategic Offensive Reduction Treaty) so as to reduce nuclear weapons of both the countries. Still Russia is estimated to have an active 5,200 operational warheads and approximately 8,800 intact warheads awaiting dismantlement thus a total of 14000 warheads(highest in the world).  [11]   Assessment of Current Military Capability 15. The actual assessment of Russian military capability is very difficult since these have not been deployed in conflict beyond their borders. Therefore the assessment of the ability of the military has been theoretical and based on various assumptions. There have been doubts about ability of the Soviet-era military-industrial complex to keep technological pace with its military peers, particularly the production of sophisticated weaponry. 16. Many analysts believe that the majority of Russian equipments are ageing, as due to financial crisis after cold war Russia had stopped buying new military equipments. In March 2009 the Russian Defence Minister, acknowledged that most of Russias weaponry was obsolete and old and modern equipment were just 10% of the armys existing capabilities. While US and other western countries have learnt during Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan war over the last decade, the Russians have had no such experience. 17. However, it is also acknowledged that Russian military does possess small amounts of state-of-the-art advanced weaponry. Air force has bought Su-34 combat aircraft, the Iskander theatre ballistic missile system and the S-400 air defence system. The SU-35 aircraft is also expected to be inducted in 2010-2011. Although western media claims otherwise, Russias armed forces still remain the most powerful and effective land force across Eurasia. They still possess state-of-the-art main battle tanks, multiple-launch rocket mortar system, heavy artillery and close ground tactical air support. Prospects 18. The increased military power, overt posturing on the international stage in recent years along with massive structural reform are the signs of the Russian resurgence. What has to be seen is that does it have longevity and what will be its implications? Russia in it self is having a strong sense of national pride and full belief that it can get back to its lost great power status. But to achieve this other than military power it needs political and economic stability. 19. In its present state the Russian Armed Forces would be able to defend its territories and national interest as in Georgia but at global level certainly they will not be able to formulate a power projection like United States. The prospects of the Russian military therefore lie primarily in the success of its modernisation plan and structural reforms. These can be achieved by strong economy but that is affected by ups and downs of global energy prices. 20. On the other hand Russias military-industrial complex has also not been able to revive completely, to cope with the technological demands of the modernisation programme. As per the reports a $50m contract has been done with Israel for UAV. Along with this there is need to upgrade their blue water navy fleet with aircraft carrier as well. However it is certain that the modernisation of Russias conventional armed forces will not come at the expense of its nuclear capabilities. Certainly Nuclear weapons will be given the priority over conventional weapons as former gives them a clear cut edge over other nations. As Jonathan Eyal succinctly noted in his October 2008 piece on Europe and Russia: A Return to the Past: The Russian military can cause difficulties. Many of Russias neighbours are far poorer and weaker, so the Russian armed forces are still a potent threat to them, as the example of Georgia showed [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] 21. However, the reality still is that Russias challenge to the US is hardly military. The Russians have no chance of emulating the Soviet Union, which tried to match Western technology weapon-for-weapon. Nor is there any ideological glue to underpin such a confrontation: most of Russias current allies are fair weather friends. [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] it cannot divert the huge resources required to build a modern military away from civilian consumption. So, the main purpose behind Russias military muscle-flexing remains political and no new Cold War is in the offing.  [12]  

Female Authors and the Novel Essay

The contribution of female authors towards the development of the novel is significant. Indeed it can be argued that feminine sensibility plays a key role here. G K Chesterton describes the novel as a feminine art form, and he explains that it is the female eye for homely detail, as well as the talent to depict the intricacies of relationships, that make it so (39). These qualities are important because they serve to counteract the male tendency towards philosophy and idealism. Such tendencies must be overcome because the novel is aiming for an individualistic and democratic voice which is beyond all factionalism. The search for an individual voice had been the aim of literature since the Protestant Reformation. It was the aim too of the Enlightenment; but the practical effect was only to introduce the rigid formality of classicism. So the constraints of the Church had been replaced by just another form of constraint. Such constraints were overcome in the end by the female prose writers, and gradually over a long period. In this respect we will examine the two writers Aphra Behn and Mary Shelley, separated by a century and a half. The former presages the advent of the novel, while the latter perfects the form and paves the way for the great Victorian age of the novel. Classicism was the key barrier to the development of the novel. All efforts towards informality were frowned upon by the stalwarts of Augustan literature, led by Dryden and Pope, so the novel was perforce directed underground. Here it flowered in the hands of the women writers, who were mostly ignored because they concentrated on sentimental romance, and appealing to woman readers alone. Daniel Defoe is now regarded as the first proper novelist, but it is plain to see that he has adopted a form established by the female writers, who produced mostly trifling and salacious romances. Such a description may be applied to Aphra Behn’s Love Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister, but it is also notable for being the first epistolary novel. Her reputation, however, rests on Oroonoko, a love story involving an African prince captured by slave traders. Though not yet a proper novel, it contains many innovations that point in that direction. Behn assumes a conversational tone with the readers in places, inspiring familiarity. It also contains an omniscient voice of narration, which was to become the most distinctive characteristic of the novel proper. However, she feels obliged to explain her omniscience, and so the narrator is tangentially involved in the story itself. She knows all the incidents in Africa because she has lived the slave plantation and has conversed with the African prince. By the time Mary Shelley writes Frankenstein, the novel form has almost come into its own element, and its history boasts such great novelists as Defoe, Fielding, Richardson, Sterne, Smollet and Austen. Nevertheless, Shelley’s original contribution in not insignificant. The voice of the novel reflects ‘individual expression’, and this has been largely perfected by this point. Shelley goes on to tackle the theme of individualism itself. It is the story of a mad scientist who cuts himself off from the world in order to create a being from assembles and inanimate organs. We discover similarities between the project of the mad scientist and the project of the novelist giving life to his fictional creations. The novelist functions as an individual, and his is probably the loneliest occupation of all. At the same time it is his task to create individuals, purely from the imagination. Shelley’s theme is at heart the mutual dependency of creator and creature. Though she is outwardly concerned with the misuse of science, and of the terrible consequences of mechanization, the underlying theme remains that of individualism. In this sense we may interpret her novel as an exploration of the limits of the novel. In conclusion, female writers can be said to be largely responsible for the development of the novel from the Restoration onwards. The evolution of the novel has avoided the limelight, yet the novel has been the primary vehicle for the advance of individualism. Only with the Industrial revolution and the rise of democracy does the novel burst forth as the principal mode of literature. Aphra Behn and Mary Shelley were key proponents in novel’s development. Works Cited Behn, Aphra. Oroonoko. Ed. Janet M. Todd. New York: Penguin Classics, 2003. Chesterton, Gilbert Keith. The Victorian Age in Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1966. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York: Collector’s Library, 2004.

Juvenile Crime Statistics Essay

â€Å"In 2008, about one in ten murder victims were a juvenile,† (ncjrs.gov, 2009). When a child is harmed or obtain physical pain or injury, it is something that produces a reverberating sound with the community and it is something that is of growing concern. A juvenile that becomes a delinquent is considered to be a child and treated as such in a juvenile court until their habits goes beyond a level that is unacceptable and they are treated as adults. When this happens a juvenile child can be lost forever and sent into an adult system. In this paper we will look at some statistics as they relate to delinquency prevention and juvenile justice. It will talk about the total decrease in juvenile arrests. It will talk about the increase in simple assaults as well as drug offenses. This paper will mention the conclusion that can be drawn for juvenile females and members of racial and ethnic minorities. I will also discuss the low numbers of arrest in male juveniles for violent crimes as well as the increase in arrests of juvenile females. This paper will give an estimation of tracking juvenile arrests as a way of measuring the amount of and trends in juvenile crime. Between the year 2007 to 2008 the statistics show that there was a decrease of 3% in the amount of juveniles arrested. The statistic that is most astounding is how over the past decade how much the percent of juveniles that are arrested as dropped. Since 1999 to 2008 the amount of juveniles arrested per year has decreased 16%. That number is amazing if we consider that the 16% is based on the 2.1 million of juveniles that were arrested in 2008. The number of juveniles that are being arrested continues to decrease and this is something that the juvenile justice system should be happy with and we as a community should be as well (ncjrs.gov, 2009). In 2008 the amount of simple assaults in males decreased 6% however it increased an amazing 12% in females. This is a stark comparison to a more serious crime of aggravated assault, which decreased 22% for males, and 17% for females. What does this imply about society? Potentially two things: juveniles are not being charged with serious crimes or juveniles are choosing not to commit serious crimes. This is a good thing. 2008 also showed another decline in another serious and dangerous crime. It showed a 7% decrease in the amount of juveniles arrested for drug violations. It has been a common thread that the juvenile and criminal justice system is one that is biased toward people of ethnic and minority decent. The statistics would seem to imply this as well based on the larger and skewed amounts of ethnic and minorities that are arrested in comparison to non-minorities. What this does not take into account is that the minorities that are generally arrested come from heavily populated areas that are occupied by minorities. The numbers are larger based on this but in an area that is occupied by one specific ethnic group or people they will be the ones that are arrested most regardless of their race. It is a matter of population. Another statistic that is alarming is the amount of female juveniles that are being arrested. The number has increased dramatically since 1999 and it would appear that female juveniles are becoming increasingly more violent. In 2008 females accounted for 30% of the arrests of juveniles. This is startling because the number for juvenile females arrested has increased and the number of male juveniles has decreased (ojjdp.gov). Is it possible to measure trends in juvenile crimes based on the statistics of their arrests? It is possible to observe what is taking place and because we are able to see who is getting arrested and for what then we can most definitely observe trends. A trend that is taking place now is that female juveniles are becoming increasingly more violent and are being arrested for their actions. This may be a cause for the decrease in male juvenile arrests or it is a side effect of the juvenile female behavior. Is old data and statistics a good measure to locate these trends? No. Old data is not a way to predict trends it is just a means that allows us to measure and compare to what is changing within the system and the juvenile that have been arrested and have been in the juvenile justice system. Reference: Champion, D. J. (2010). The juvenile justice system: Delinquency, processing, and the law. (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Internet Reference, http://www.lawyershop.com/practice-areas/criminal-law/juvenile-law/crimes, retrieved on November 26, 2012 Internet Reference, https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/228479.pdf, retrieved on November 23, 2012. Internet Reference, http://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/default.asp, retrieved on November 26, 2012

Lack Of Student Centered Learning - 2018 Words

Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Lack of student centered learning 2 Background 2 Why it should be used today 3 Government Devotion 5 Religion in Public Schooling 6 Background 6 Present day 7 Executive Summary This paper is designed to address three major controversies concerning the practice and effectiveness of the current United States education system and discuss potential solutions to these issues. The four controversies we will be addressing are; †¢ Lack of student centered learning †¢ Religion in public schooling †¢ Lack of importance the US government places on higher level education 1. The lack of student centered learning is an issue because of the fact that it is not widely known. Student centered learning is a teaching approach that incorporates participating in self-paced learning programs and/or group scenarios, substituting lectures with active learning, leading up to holding the student responsible for his or her own improvements in education. The focus on this kind of learning could greatly improve our education system in America because it makes the students responsible for their success. The teaching of that type of responsibility will make for a more reliable and advanced generation. 2. Religion in public schooling is a major controversy proven by the fact that Americans have been debating the place of God in schools almost repeatedly since public education got its start in the country nearly two hundred years ago. As the United States becomesShow MoreRelated Teachers Education Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on creating appropriate learning environments that integrate technology as well as foster the needed skills to empower students. This paper describes the characteristics of teacher-centered classrooms and student-centered learning environment. In addition, this paper will explain the significance of teacher education for the effective implementation of technology as well as student-centered learning environment in K-12 classrooms. In the traditional teacher-centered classroom, teachers are expectedRead MoreHow Will Learner Centered Designs Bridge The Gap Between Formal And Informal Learning?977 Words   |  4 Pages How Will Learner-Centered Designs Bridge the Gap Between Formal and Informal Learning? Laura Maltagliati, Lisa Nowacky, Reece Tamaye University of Hawaii Maui College How Will Student-Centered Designs Bridge the Gap Between Formal and Informal Learning? Technological advances in the 21st century have changed the world of education forever. The refinement of web-based technology has allowed a growing number of institutions to offer increasingly complex online education coursesRead MoreStem Integration Within America s Schools971 Words   |  4 PagesSTEM integration within America’s schools is a necessary requirement to adequately prepare students to compete in our future society. Although growth in STEM related jobs is quite apparent, knowledge of STEM capacities is necessary to function in the 21st century. The Committee of Highly Successful School for Programs for K-12 STEM Education (2011) calls for schools to â€Å"strive for excellence for all students in all disciples† (p.13). Meaning successful STEM K-12 education programs have specificRead MoreMath Approaches: Traditional or Reform Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pagesteach children in the best way that will benefit students as a child and a learner. Different people can argue that their approach is more effective than traditional methods, and likewise for the reform approach. However, research reveals that there are certain advantages and disadvantages to each teaching approach. Traditional Approach Traditionally math has been taught in a teacher-centered environment. With this traditional approach students give all their attention to the teacher, and workRead MoreA Strategy For Raising Curriculum Implementation1390 Words   |  6 PagesA Strategy for Raising Curriculum Implementation in Turkey Introduction These days using and transferring of knowledge in social, political and economic areas have changed rapidly. A theory of learning that describes the central role that learners’ ever-transforming mental schemes play in their cognitive growth, constructivism powerfully informs educational practice (Brooks and Brooks, 1999). With the new curriculums in Turkey, Ministry of National Education (MONE) tries to encounter these changesRead MoreThe â€Å"Modern† Classroom. If You Were To Ask A Group Of People1511 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing lazy/ unengaged students, the education system is simply not up-to-date with this generation, and in shows through student performance and participation. To put it simply the classroom is obsolete. Using my own past experiences, I will further justify this statement. THE PROBLEMS Not only do modern classrooms look similar to old ones, they function similarly too. One problem is that the classroom is typically teacher-centered. â€Å"In teacher-centered education, students put all of their focusRead MoreMotivating K-12 Learners in Education 969 Words   |  4 Pagesthat effects students learning ability, causing them to detach from the classroom setting, which later results in failure on standardize tests. Motivation is very essential in education. It implicates the reason of a childs actions and behaviors in a particular way. The theoretical background for this study centers around ways students interest level arises and fails, and what strategies and activities motivates them when learning. Educational researchers pronounces that students are motivatedRead MoreThe Benefits Of Active Learning And Student Centered Teaching Strategies Improve Motivation And Performance Among Nursing Students1173 Words   |  5 PagesNursing Student Motivation â€Å"Passive recipients of face-to-face instructor designed and led classes† was how traditional education students were viewed (McGarry, Theobald, Lewis, Coyer, 2015, p. 967). The researchers understood the challenges nurse educators faced in engaging students and cultivating new nursing graduates with skills benefitting societal and professional sustainability. The aim of this paper is to determine by integrative review whether active learning and student-centered teachingRead MoreTechnology As A Tool For Technology931 Words   |  4 Pagesway of instruction is administered to students†. When students are learning via Internet as in distant learning this can eliminate any classroom management problems that may exist in a traditional classroom setting. Since, distance learning provides for educational opportunities outside of an actual classroom; teachers are not faced with problem behaviors, daily routine/procedures; and the challenge to build relationships with students. Distant learning also allows for the opportunity to provideRead MoreImproving Student Motivation And Performance Are Improved With Active Learning And Student Centered Teaching Strategies1180 Words   |  5 PagesStrategies to Increase Nursing Student Motivation Traditional education viewed students as â€Å"passive recipients of face-to-face instructor designed and led classes (McGarry, Theobald, Lewis, Coyer, 2015, p. 967). The researchers understood the challenges nurse educators faced in engaging students and cultivating new nursing graduates with skills benefitting societal and professional sustainability. The aim of this paper is to determine by integrative review whether nursing student motivation and performance